Ho hlakile hore seoa sena se pepesitse bofokoli ba liketane tsa phepelo ea lefats'e - bothata boo indasteri ea thepa e tla tsoela pele ho tobana le bona selemong sena.Mekha ea ketane ea phepelo e hloka maemo a holimo le tšebelisano-'moho e haufi e le hore e ka itokisetsa ka botlalo ho sebetsana le koluoa ena le ho tšepa ho sebetsana le nako ea post covid.
Selemong se fetileng, litšitiso tsa phepelo ea thepa lefatšeng ka bophara, tšubuhlellano ea boema-kepe, khaello ea bokhoni, ho phahama ha litheko tsa thepa maoatleng le mafu a seoa a sa khaotseng li hlahisitse mathata ho barekisi ba likepe, likoung, bajari le barekisi ba thepa.Re lebelletse 2022, litsebi li hakanya hore khatello ea phepelo ea lefats'e e tla tsoela pele - mafube qetellong ea kotopo e ke ke ea hlaha ho fihlela halofo ea bobeli ea selemo qalong.
Habohlokoa le ho feta, tumellano 'marakeng oa likepe ke hore khatello e tla tsoela pele ka 2022, mme sekhahla sa thepa ha se na monyetla oa ho khutlela boemong ba pele ho seoa sena.Mathata a boema-kepe le tšubuhlellano li tla tsoelapele ho kopanngoa le tlhoko e matla e tsoang indastering ea lefats'e ea thepa ea bareki.
Monika Schnitzer, setsebi sa moruo sa Jeremane, o bolela esale pele hore mofuta oa hajoale oa Omicron o tla ba le tšusumetso e eketsehileng nakong ea lipalangoang tsa lefats'e likhoeling tse tlang."Sena se ka mpefatsa mathata a teng a pelehi," a lemosa."Ka lebaka la ho fapana ha delta, nako ea lipalangoang ho tloha Chaena ho ea United States e eketsehile ho tloha matsatsing a 85 ho ea ho matsatsi a 100, 'me e ka' na ea eketseha hape. Ha boemo bo ntse bo tsitsitse, Europe le eona e angoa ke mathata ana."
Ka nako e ts'oanang, seoa sena se ntseng se tsoela pele se bakile tšitiso lebopong le ka bophirima la United States le likoung tse kholo tsa China, ho bolelang hore likepe tse makholo tsa thepa li emetse leoatleng bakeng sa marobalo.Pejana selemong sena, Maersk o ile a lemosa bareki hore nako ea ho emela likepe tsa likepe ho laolla kapa ho lata thepa boema-kepeng ba Long Beach haufi le Los Angeles e pakeng tsa matsatsi a 38 le 45, mme "ho lieha" ho lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele.
Ha re sheba China, ho na le ngongoreho e ntseng e hola ea hore katleho ea morao-rao ea Omicron e tla lebisa ho koaloe ha boema-kepe.Ba boholong Chaena ba ile ba thibela likou tsa Yantian le Ningbo ka nakoana selemong se fetileng.Lithibelo tsena li entse hore ho be le tieho ea bakhanni ba literaka ba tsamaisang lik’hontheinara tse laetseng le tse se nang letho lipakeng tsa lifeme le boema-kepe, ’me tšitiso ea tlhahiso le lipalangoang e bakile tieho ea ho romelloa ka ntle le ho khutlisa lik’hontheinara tse se nang letho lifemeng tsa mose ho maoatle.
Rotterdam, e leng boema-kepe bo boholo ka ho fetisisa ba Europe, ho lebeletsoe hore tšubuhlellano e tsoele pele ho pholletsa le 2022. Le hoja sekepe se sa emele ka ntle ho Rotterdam hona joale, matla a polokelo a fokotsehile 'me khokahanyo e ka hare ho naha ea Europe ha e boreleli.
Emile hoogsteden, molaoli oa khoebo oa Rotterdam Port Authority, o itse: "re lebelletse hore tšubuhlellano e feteletseng sebakeng sa lijana tsa Rotterdam e tla tsoela pele ka nakoana ka 2022.""Sena ke hobane likepe tsa machaba tsa likepe le bokhoni ba lifofane ha boa eketseha ka sekhahla se lumellanang le tlhoko."Leha ho le joalo, ka Tšitoe selemong se fetileng, boema-kepe bo phatlalalitse hore bophahamo ba thepa ea bona ea thepa bo feta limilione tse 15 tsa maoto a 20 a lekanang le lik'hontheinara (TEU) ka lekhetlo la pele.
"Boema-kepeng ba Hamburg, liteishene tsa eona tse sebetsang ka bongata le tse ngata li sebetsa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, 'me li-terminal terminal li fana ka ts'ebeletso ea 24/7 ho pota nako," ho boletse Axel mattern, CEO oa k'hamphani ea papatso ea Hamburg Port."Barupeluoa ba ka sehloohong boema-kepeng ba leka ho felisa litšitiso le tieho kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang."
Likepe tsa morao-rao tse ke keng tsa angoa ke Hamburg Port ka linako tse ling li lebisa ho bokelleng ha lijana tsa kantle ho naha boema-kepeng.Maemelo a liteishene, barekisi ba thepa le lik'hamphani tse tsamaisang thepa ka likepe tse amehang li tseba boikarabello ba tsona ba ho sebetsa ka thelelo le ho sebetsa ka har'a sebaka sa tharollo e ka bang teng.
Leha ho na le khatello ho barekisi ba likepe, 2021 ke selemo se atlehileng bakeng sa lik'hamphani tse tsamaisang thepa.Ho ea ka polelo e boletsoeng esale pele ea alphaliner, mofani oa tlhahisoleseling ea likepe, lik'hamphani tse 10 tse thathamisitsoeng ka pele tsa ho tsamaisa lijana li lebelletsoe ho fumana phaello ea rekoto ea US $ 115 billion ho US $ 120 billion ka 2021. Ena ke ntho e makatsang e makatsang mme e ka fetola sebopeho sa indasteri, hobane meputso ena e ka buseletsoa hape, bahlahlobisisi ba alphaliner ba boletse khoeling e fetileng.
Indasteri e boetse e ruile molemo ka ho hlaphoheloa ka potlako ha tlhahiso Asia le tlhokahalo e matla Europe le United States.Ka lebaka la khaello ea lijana, thepa ea likepe e batlile e imena habeli selemong se fetileng, mme likhakanyo tsa pele li fana ka maikutlo a hore thepa e ka fihla maemong a holimo ka 2022.
Bahlahlobisisi ba data ba Xeneta ba tlaleha hore likonteraka tsa pele ka 2022 li bonts'a boemo bo holimo nakong e tlang."E tla fela neng?"Ho botsitse Patrick Berglund, CEO oa xeneta.
"Baemeli ba likepe ba batlang liphallelo tse hlokahalang haholo ba 'nile ba angoa ke leqhubu le leng la likotlo tse boima ho isa litšenyehelong tse tlase. Sefefo se tsoelang pele se phethahetseng sa tlhokahalo e phahameng, matla a mangata, tšubuhlellano ea boema-kepe, mekhoa e fetohang ea bareki le tšitiso e akaretsang ea liketane tsa phepelo e tsamaisa lebelo. ho phatloha, hoo, ka ho toba, re e-s'o ka re e bona pele."
Boemo ba lik'hamphani tse ka sehloohong tsa lipalangoang tsa lik'hontheinara le bona bo fetohile.Alphaliner e tlalehile lipalo-palo tsa eona tsa lefats'e tsa likepe tsa likepe ka Pherekhong hore Khamphani ea Likepe ea Mediterranean (MSc) e fetile Maersk ho ba khamphani e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ea likepe tsa likepe.
Hona joale MSc e sebelisa sehlopha sa likepe tse 645 tse nang le matla a kakaretso a 4284728 TEUs, ha Maersk e na le 4282840 TEUs (736), 'me e kene boemong bo ka sehloohong ka hoo e ka bang 2000. Likhamphani ka bobeli li na le karolo ea 17% ea 'maraka oa lefats'e.
CMA CGM ea Fora, e nang le bokhoni ba lipalangoang ba 3166621 TEU, e boetse e fumane sebaka sa boraro ho tloha COSCO Group (2932779 TEU), eo hona joale e leng sebaka sa bone, e lateloa ke Herbert Roth (1745032 TEU).Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa s Ren Skou, CEO oa Maersk, ho lahleheloa ke boemo bo phahameng ha ho bonahale e le bothata bo boholo.
Polelong e fanoeng selemong se fetileng, Skou o itse, "sepheo sa rona ha se ho ba oa pele. Sepheo sa rona ke ho etsetsa bareki ba rona mosebetsi o motle, ho fana ka meputso e ruileng, 'me sa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, ho ba k'hamphani e hlomphehang. Ba amehang khoebong. le Maersk."O boetse a bolela hore k'hamphani e nka bohlokoa bo boholo ho holisa bokhoni ba eona ba thepa ka phaello e kholo.
E le ho fihlela sepheo sena, Mars e phatlalalitse ho nkuoa ha LF Logistics ntlo-kholo ea Hong Kong ka December ho atolosa tšireletso ea eona le bokhoni ba thepa sebakeng sa Asia Pacific.Theko ea chelete eohle ea liranta tse libilione tse 3.6 ke e 'ngoe ea theko e kholo ka ho fetisisa nalaneng ea k'hamphani.
Khoeling ena, PSA International Pte Ltd (PSA) e Singapore e phatlalalitse selekane se seng se seholo.Port Group e saenetse tumellano ea ho fumana karolo ea 100% ea likarolo tsa lekunutu tsa BDP international, Inc. (BDP) ho tsoa ho Greenbriar equity group, LP (Greenbriar), k'hamphani ea poraefete ea tekano e ntlo-kholo e New York.
Ntlo-khōlō ea eona e Philadelphia, BDP ke mofani oa lefats'e oa phepelo e kopanetsoeng, lipalangoang le tharollo ea thepa.E na le liofisi tse 133 lefats'eng ka bophara, e sebetsa ka ho khetheha ho tsamaise liketane tsa phepelo tse rarahaneng haholo le lisebelisoa tse tsepamisitsoeng haholo le litharollo tse ncha tsa ponahalo.
Tan Chong Meng, CEO oa PSA International Group, o itse: "BDP e tla ba lekhetlo la pele la PSA la ho fumana mofuta ona - e leng mofani oa lefats'e oa phepelo ea phepelo le tharollo ea lipalangoang e nang le bokhoni ba ho qetela. Melemo ea eona e tla tlatsetsa le ho atolosa bokhoni ba PSA. ho fana ka litharollo tse feto-fetohang, tse tenyetsehang le tse nchafalitsoeng tsa thepa.Thekisetsano e ntse e hloka tumello ea molao ea balaoli ba amehang le maemo a mang a tloaelo a ho koala.
Thepa e tiileng ea phepelo ka mor'a seoa sena le eona e amme kholo ea lipalangoang tsa sefofane.
Ho latela lintlha tsa 'maraka oa thepa ea lifofane lefatšeng ka bophara tse lokollotsoeng ke Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Lipalangoang tsa Moea (IATA), kholo e ile ea fokotseha ka Pulungoana 2021.
Leha maemo a moruo a ntse a le molemong oa indasteri, litšitiso tsa phepelo le likhaello tsa bokhoni li amme tlhoko.Kaha tšusumetso ea seoa sena e khopamisa papiso lipakeng tsa liphetho tsa khoeli le khoeli tsa 2021 le 2020, papiso e entsoe ka Pulungoana 2019, e latelang mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa tlhokeho.
Ho latela data ea IATA, tlhoko ea lefats'e e lekantsoeng ka lik'hilomithara tsa thepa (ctks) e eketsehile ka 3.7% ha e bapisoa le November 2019 (4.2% bakeng sa khoebo ea machaba).Sena se tlase haholo ho feta kholo ea 8.2% ka Mphalane 2021 (2% bakeng sa khoebo ea machabeng) le likhoeling tse fetileng.
Le hoja maemo a moruo a ntse a tsoela pele ho tšehetsa kholo ea thepa ea lifofane, litšitiso tsa ketane ea phepelo li fokotsa kholo ka lebaka la khaello ea basebetsi, karolo e 'ngoe e bakoa ke karohano ea basebetsi, sebaka se sa lekaneng sa polokelo libakeng tse ling tsa lifofane le ho eketseha ha ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso litlhōrōng tsa qetellong ea selemo.
Ho ile ha tlalehoa tšubuhlellano boemafofaneng bo bongata bo boholo, ho kenyeletsoa Boemafofane ba Machaba ba Kennedy ba New York, Los Angeles le Boemafofane ba Schiphol ba Amsterdam.Leha ho le joalo, thekiso ea mabenkele United States le Chaena e lula e le matla.United States, thekiso ea mabenkele e phahame ka 23.5% ho feta boemo ka Pulungoana 2019, ha China, thekiso ea marang-rang ea 11 habeli e phahame ka 60.8% ho feta boemo ba 2019.
Amerika Leboea, kholo ea thepa ea moea e ntse e tsoela pele ho tsamaisoa ke tlhoko e matla.Ha ho bapisoa le Pulungoana 2019, palo ea thepa ea machaba ea lifofane tsa naha e eketsehile ka 11.4% ka Pulungoana 2021. Sena se ne se le tlase haholo ho feta ts'ebetso ea Mphalane (20.3%).Tšitiso ea phepelo libakeng tse ngata tse kholo tsa thepa United States e amme kholo.Palo ea lipalangoang tsa machaba e theohile ka 0.1% ha e bapisoa le November 2019.
Ha ho bapisoa le khoeling eona eo ka 2019, palo ea thepa ea machaba ea lifofane tsa Europe ka Pulungoana 2021 e eketsehile ka 0.3%, empa sena se theohile haholo ha se bapisoa le 7.1% ka Mphalane 2021.
Lifofane tsa Europe li angoa ke tšubuhlellano ea phepelo ea thepa le litšitiso tsa bokhoni ba lehae.Ha ho bapisoa le boemo ba pele ho koluoa, bokhoni ba lipalangoang ba machaba ka Pulungoana 2021 bo theohile ka 9.9%, mme matla a lipalangoang a litsela tse kholo tsa Eurasia a theohile ka 7.3% ka nako eona eo.
Ka Pulungoana 2021, palo ea thepa ea moea ea machabeng ea Asia Pacific Airlines e eketsehile ka 5.2% ha e bapisoa le khoeling eona eo ka 2019, e le tlase hanyane ho feta keketseho ea 5.9% khoeling e fetileng.Bokhoni ba lipalangoang ba machaba bo fokotsehile hanyane ka Pulungoana, bo theohile ka 9.5% ha bo bapisoa le 2019.
Ho hlakile hore seoa sena se pepesitse bofokoli ba ketane ea phepelo ea lefats'e - bothata boo indasteri ea thepa e tla tsoela pele ho tobana le bona selemong sena.Boemo bo phahameng ba ho feto-fetoha ha maemo le tšebelisano-'moho e haufi-ufi har'a mekha eohle ea ketane ea phepelo ea thepa e hlokahala ho itokisetsa ka botlalo bothata bona le ho tšepa ho sebetsana le nako ea kamora lefu la seoa.
Matsete ho meralo ea motheo ea lipalangoang, joalo ka matsete a maholo United States, a ka thusa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea boema-kepe le boemafofane, athe mokhoa oa ho etsa dijithale le oa othomathike o bohlokoa ho tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa thepa.Leha ho le joalo, se ke keng sa lebaloa ke lebaka la motho.Khaello ea basebetsi - eseng feela bakhanni ba literaka - e bonts'a hore boiteko bo ntse bo hlokahala ho boloka ketane ea phepelo ea thepa.
Ho hlophisa bocha ketane ea phepelo ho etsa hore e tšoarelle ke phephetso e 'ngoe.
Indasteri ea thepa e ntse e e-na le mosebetsi o mongata o lokelang ho etsoa, oo ntle ho pelaelo o pakang bokhoni ba eona ba ho fana ka litharollo tse feto-fetohang le tsa boqapi.
Mohloli: tsamaiso ea thepa
Nako ea poso: Mar-31-2022
